Risk Factors Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury in Adult Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported as one of the most common complication in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the risk factors of AKI on ECMO is unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to find out the risk factors of AKI among adult patients receiving ECMO. Methods A literature search was performed using PubMed,Web of Science, and Embase fulfilled the pre-specified criteria until April 2020 to include studies reported the necessary clinic characteristics, then the gender, cancer, diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC), massive/severe Bleeding, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), post-cardiotomy, diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and ECMO support duration were pooled for further analysis by STATA to get conclusion. Results This research is first time to provide the evidence that patients developed AKI/severe AKI with a longer ECMO support duration (pooled WMD, 4.09 days; 95% CI: 2.45-5.73 days, Z = 4.89, P = 0.000, I 2 = 73.4%, χ 2 P = 0.023/pooled WMD, 1.52 days; 95% CI: 0.19-2.85 days, Z = 2.25, P = 0.025, I 2 = 77.4%, χ 2 P = 0.001) and the risk of severe AKI requiring RRT was higher (pooled OR, 2.22; 95% CI: 1.24-3.99, Z = 2.68, P = 0.007, I 2 = 0.0%, χ 2 P = 0.634) in liver cirrhosis patients by systemic analysis, indicated ECMO support duration and liver cirrhosis may act as risk factors of AKI in adult patients received ECMO.