Care pathways and treatment patterns for patients with heart failure in China: results from a cross-sectional survey

Figures

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  Figure 1. Use of (A) scans/investigations, (B) physical examinations, and (C) blood/urine tests during diagnosis and monitoring of patients’ HF. Note: Data were obtained from patient record forms. Abbreviations: BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; CT, computed tomography; ECG, electrocardiogram; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HF, heart failure; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.

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  Figure 2. Most common HF treatment classes received by patients (N=1,498). Note: Data were obtained from patient record forms. Abbreviations: ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BB, β-blocker; HF, heart failure; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.

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  Figure 3. Cardiologists’ most common reasons for HF treatment choice (N=1,489). Note: Data were obtained from patient record forms. Abbreviation: HF, heart failure.

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  Figure 4. Matched patient–cardiologist responses on the occurrence of side effects of HF treatments. Notes: (A) Patient–cardiologist concordance of the occurrence of side effects of current HF treatment. (B) Cardiologist under- and overestimation of the occurrence of side effects of current HF treatment in relation to patient-reported occurrence. Abbreviation: HF, heart failure.

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  Figure 5. Number of inpatient visits, outpatient visits, and emergency room visits per patient in the 12 months before the survey was conducted (A) for any reason and (B) due to HF. Notes: n=1,286 for all-cause inpatient visits; n=1,278 for HF-related inpatient visits; n=1,490 for all-cause outpatient visits; n=1,462 for HF-related outpatient visits; n=1,467 for all-cause emergency room visits; n=1,448 for HF-related emergency room visits. Data were obtained from patient record forms. Abbreviation: HF, heart failure.