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This survey will begin with a few historical aspects, describe some passive and active management methods, and discuss selected examples of manipulation of leading edge separation. It will then deal with some typical flow phenomena which are important for the manipulation of turbulent shear flows. A display of active means to manipulate open separation will be followed by a practical example of forcing a separated boundary layer to reattach and to form a closed reverse‐flow region. The survey will end with a few remarks on control.
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H. H. Fernholz (1993) studied this question.
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