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August 25, 2008Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

Antimicrobial resistance in typhoidal and nontyphoidal salmonellae

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Authors

CPChristopher M. ParryETE. John Threlfall

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Overview

Literature review demonstrates shifting fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistance in Salmonella isolates, highlighting an urgent need for localized surveillance.

Key Points

  • Synthesize recent evidence on shifting antimicrobial resistance patterns in typhoidal and nontyphoidal salmonellae, focusing on quinolones, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and emerging therapies.
  • Review of community- and hospital-based epidemiological studies documenting resistance phenotypes and genotypes across Africa and Asia.
  • Evaluation of findings from two randomized controlled trials assessing gatifloxacin efficacy for multidrug-resistant enteric fever.
  • Decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility has reached high frequencies with rising full resistance in Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A, especially across the Indian subcontinent.
  • Nontyphoidal salmonellae increasingly harbor plasmid-mediated qnr determinants and diverse extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance genes, with wide geographic and serovar variation.
  • Two randomized controlled trials identify gatifloxacin as a viable treatment alternative for enteric fever caused by strains with reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility.

Cite This Study

Parry et al. (2008) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a75847e1078cf7de2b22751https://doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e32830f453a
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