Fluorine NMR imaging with a perfluorocarbon tracer can effectively map tumor vascularity and detect early vascular damage prior to tissue necrosis in a preclinical model.
Supports preclinical PDT vascular monitoring with 19F NMR; leaves open clinical translation and human validation.
In situ fluorine NMR imaging has been used to measure vascularity in subcutaneously implanted mammary tumors. Oxyferol, a perfluorinated blood substitute comprised of an emulsion of 25% w/v perfluorotributylamine, was used as a tracer. Following iv administration, this perfluorocarbon emulsion remains primarily in the vasculature during the image acquisition period. The distribution of the PFTA in the 19F NMR image gives a map of tissue regions with intact vascularity. This technique has been used to demonstrate decreased blood flow in necrotic regions of R3230AC mammary tumors in which vasculature had been damaged either as a result of spontaneous necrosis or by photodynamic therapy (PDT). Damage to tumor vascularity following PDT was observed prior to the development of necrosis.
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Ceckler et al. (1990) studied this question.
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