Effects of Chronic Carvedilol Administration on Blood Pressure Variability and Target Organ Injury in Rats with Sinoaortic Denervation

Background: Increased blood pressure variability is a novel risk factor for the development of target organ injury both inhypertensive and normotensive subjects, so its reduction should be considered as a new therapeutic goal.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term oral carvedilol treatment on blood pressure, bloodpressure variability and target organ injury in the left ventricle and thoracic aorta in a model of blood pressure liability.Methods: Twelve male Wistar rats submitted to sinoaortic denervation were treated during 8 weeks with a single dose ofcarvedilol 30 mg/kg or vehicle. At the end of treatment, echocardiographic evaluation and blood pressure and short-term variabilitymeasurements were performed. Left ventricular and thoracic aortic weights were determined and histological sampleswere prepared from both tissues. Metalloproteinase MMP-2 and transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) were quantified in theleft ventricle and thoracic aorta.Results: Carvedilol reduced systolic blood pressure and its variability in sinoaortic-denervated rats compared with the controlgroup (126±5 vs. 142±11 mmHg, p<0.05; SD: 2.9±0.5 vs. 6.0±0.5 mmHg; p<0.05). A lower amount of connective tissue wasfound in carvedilol-treated animals. The expression of TGF-b decreased in both organs after carvedilol treatment.Conclusions: Chronic carvedilol treatment significantly reduces systolic blood pressure and its short-term variability insinoaortic-denervated rats, decreasing the degree of left ventricular fibrosis.