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This research aims to identify regional factors contributing to tourism seasonality in Mediterranean EU regions.

August 8, 2026Tourism and HospitalityOpen Access

Regional Determinants of Tourism Seasonality in Mediterranean EU NUTS–2 Regions: A Panel Analysis Using the Gini Coefficient (2020–2024)

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Panel analysis examines tourism seasonality in Mediterranean regions, suggesting strategies for better management.

This research aims to identify regional factors contributing to tourism seasonality in Mediterranean EU regions.
Analyzed 61 NUTS-2 regions using Eurostat data and calculated annual Gini coefficients from monthly overnight stays.
Employed fixed and random effects models, using the Hausman test for model selection and adjusted for regional characteristics.
Controlled for variables like GDP per capita, hotel accommodation share, and COVID-19 effects across 305 region-year observations.
Greece and Italy showed the highest average seasonal concentration, while Spain and Portugal had more balanced tourism patterns.
A higher hotel accommodation share correlated with lower seasonality levels.
COVID-19 years heightened seasonal concentration, with recovery starting in 2022, but no pre-pandemic comparisons were made.

Ružić et al. (2026) studied this question.

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