Population
Human ventricular myocardium
Comparison
Bucindolol, carvedilol, and metoprolol vs Compared to each other
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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May underlie beta-blocker tolerability differences in HF; animal data leave open clinical translation.
In human ventricular myocardium, bucindolol displays substantially higher intrinsic activity than metoprolol and carvedilol, which may explain differences in beta-blocker tolerability and outcomes in heart failure.
Maack et al. (2000) studied this question.
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