Key result
Improvement in index of microvascular resistance >33% was associated with a decrease in mean infarct size from 32.3% to 19.3% (P=0.001) at 5 months after reperfused STEMI.
Observational (n=35)
Effect estimate: beta=0.552 for IMR; beta=-0.511 for CFR
p-value: p=0.001 for IMR; 0.002 for CFR
Improvement in microvascular function (CFR and IMR) in the infarcted territory is significantly associated with a reduction in infarct size at 5 months after reperfused STEMI.
No immediate change to post-STEMI care; hypothesis-generating for microvascular recovery as therapeutic target.
BACKGROUND: Connection between the course of microvascular and infarct remodeling processes over time after reperfused ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of temporal changes in hemodynamics of microcirculation in the infarcted territory and infarct size (IS) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-five patients admitted with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in the study. Coronary flow reserve (CFR), index of microvascular resistance (IMR), and IS were assessed 2 days after primary percutaneous coronary intervention and at the 5-month follow-up. The predictors of the 5-month IS were the baseline values of IS (beta=0.6, P<0.001), IMR (beta=0.280, P=0.013), and CFR (beta=-0.276, P=0.017). There were significant correlations between relative change in IS and relative change in measures of microvascular function (IS and CFR [r=-0.51, P=0.002]); IS and IMR ([r=0.55, P=0.001]). In multivariate model, relative changes in IMR (beta=0.552, P=0.001) and CFR (beta=-0.511, P=0.002) were the only predictors of relative change in IS. In patients with an improvement in IMR >33%, the mean IS decreased from 32.3+/-16.9% to 19.3+/-14% (P=0.001) in the follow-up. Similarly, in patients with an improvement in CFR >41%, the mean IS significantly decreased from 29.9+/-20% to 15.8+/-12.4% (P=0.003). But in patients with an improvement in IMR and CFR, which were below than the mean values, IS did not significantly decrease during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in microvascular function in the infarcted territory is associated with reduction in IS after reperfused ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction. This link suggests that further investigations are warranted to determine whether therapeutic protection of microvascular integrity results in augmentation of infarct healing.
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Sezer et al. (2010) conducted an observational in ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (n=35). Improvement in microvascular function (IMR and CFR) vs. No or below-mean improvement in microvascular function was evaluated on Relative change in infarct size (beta=0.552 for IMR; beta=-0.511 for CFR, p=0.001 for IMR; 0.002 for CFR). Improvement in index of microvascular resistance >33% was associated with a decrease in mean infarct size from 32.3% to 19.3% (P=0.001) at 5 months after reperfused STEMI.
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