Key result
Immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment was associated with the development of capillary-leak syndrome in two patients, suggesting it is a unique early immune adverse effect.
Why the study?
Capillary-leak syndrome is an ill-recognized adverse effect of checkpoint inhibitor treatment, which is typically associated with cellular immune responses.
Case Report (n=2)
Capillary-leak syndrome may be an unrecognized early immune adverse effect of checkpoint-inhibitor treatment.
CLS warrants vigilance during checkpoint inhibitor therapy; case reports leave open incidence, causality, and need for prospective confirmation.
Capillary-leak syndrome is strongly associated with cytokine activity states. It is an ill-recognized adverse effect of checkpoint inhibitors treatment, which are typically associated with cellular immune response. We describe two patients with capillary leak syndrome following immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment. We present linking mechanisms between checkpoint inhibitors, cellular immunity, cytokine action and endothelial damage. We suggest that capillary-leak syndrome is a unique adverse effect of immunotherapy, resulting from complex interactions between cellular and cytokine activation and that its expression is probably depending on inherent host immune variabilities.
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Percik et al. (2021) conducted a case report in Capillary-leak syndrome (n=2). Immune checkpoint inhibitors was evaluated on Capillary-leak syndrome. Immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment was associated with the development of capillary-leak syndrome in two patients, suggesting it is a unique early immune adverse effect.
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