Population
14 normal dogs
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Provides reference values for pulmonary venous flow in normal dogs; leaves open validation in disease states before clinical use.
Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography can successfully measure polyphasic pulmonary venous flow profiles in normal dogs, establishing baseline values for comparison with disease states.
Schober et al. (1998) studied this question.
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