Blockchain-based secure and transparent data storage on process level for traceability and data integrity in the continuous mixing process in battery cell manufacturing

The protection of production data and the cell-chemistry formula is very important in battery cell production. The potential of blockchain technology in this context is significant. This article focuses on the integration of blockchain technology into the continuous mixing process of battery cell production to securely and transparently store process data. A private blockchain architecture was implemented, using SHA-256 as a hash function and a Proof-of-Authority (PoA) consensus mechanism. The system supports both Linux and Windows environments and was connected directly to an extruder at the process level. Validation tests showed complete consistency between real process values and blockchain-stored records, confirming data integrity. A Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) was conducted, and it is shown that none of the five highest-risk scenarios are related to blockchain technology. The first blockchain-specific risk (potential software failure) is ranked in seventh place. The results demonstrate that a private PoA-based blockchain is a suitable and effective solution for ensuring transparency, traceability, and security in industrial production environments. However, ensuring data authenticity prior to blockchain entry remains essential, highlighting the need for robust upstream data security.