Key result
ANG II infusion combined with a high-salt diet resulted in a sustained elevation of mesenteric vascular resistance and an enhanced response to ganglionic blockade compared to a low-salt diet.
Why the study?
Does a high-salt diet alter autonomic control of splanchnic resistance arteries and heart rate in ANG II-induced hypertension in rats?
Does a high-salt diet alter autonomic control of splanchnic resistance arteries and heart rate in ANG II-induced hypertension in rats?
ANG II-salt hypertension in rats is associated with delayed changes in autonomic control of splanchnic resistance arteries and the heart.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May enhance sympathetic splanchnic control in experimental ANG II hypertension; leaves open translation to human salt-sensitive vascular regulation.
Previous studies suggest that ANG II-induced hypertension in rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet (ANG II-salt hypertension) has a neurogenic component dependent on an enhanced sympathetic tone to the splanchnic veins and independent from changes in sympathetic nerve activity to the kidney or hind limb. The purpose of this study was to extend these findings and test whether altered autonomic control of splanchnic resistance arteries and the heart also contributes to the neurogenic component. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), superior mesenteric artery blood flow, and mesenteric vascular resistance (MVR) were measured during 4 control days, 14 days of ANG II delivered subcutaneously (150 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)), and 4 days of recovery in conscious rats fed a HS (2% NaCl) or low-salt (LS; 0.1% NaCl) diet. Autonomic effects on MAP, HR, and MVR were assessed by acute ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium (20 mg/kg iv) on day 3 of control, days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 13 of ANG II, and day 4 of recovery. MVR increased during ANG II infusion in HS and LS rats but remained elevated only in HS rats. Additionally, the MVR response to hexamethonium was enhanced on days 10 and 13 of ANG II selectively in HS rats. Compared with LS rats, HR in HS rats was higher during the 2nd wk of ANG II, and its response to hexamethonium was greater on days 7, 10, and 13 of ANG II. These results suggest that ANG II-salt hypertension is associated with delayed changes in autonomic control of splanchnic resistance arteries and the heart.
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Kuroki et al. (2011) studied ANG II-salt hypertension (n=20). High-salt (2% NaCl) diet with ANG II infusion vs. Low-salt (0.1% NaCl) diet with ANG II infusion was evaluated on Steady-state nighttime mesenteric vascular resistance (MVR) averaged over days 10-13 of ANG II infusion (mmHg·min·ml⁻¹) (p=<0.05). ANG II infusion combined with a high-salt diet resulted in a sustained elevation of mesenteric vascular resistance and an enhanced response to ganglionic blockade compared to a low-salt diet.
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