Independent Predictors of Major Adverse Events following Coronary Stenting over 28 Months of Follow-Up

BACKGROUND: Despite recent advances in stent design and constantly improving protective pharmacological strategies, complications and adverse events following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are still major factors influencing morbidity and mortality. Therefore, predicting secondary vascular occlusions represents an unmet medical need. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to triage clinical and laboratory predictors of major adverse clinical events (MACE) following coronary stenting. METHODS: This was a prospective, case-controlled, single-center study, which included 94 consecutive patients with documented coronary disease who underwent PCI with drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. All patients received dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. Numerous clinical characteristics and laboratory biomarkers were assessed before stenting and were correlated with poststenting MACE over the mean follow-up of 28 months. MACE included death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularisation, stroke, stent thrombosis, angina recurrence and instent restenosis. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients experienced MACE. Independent MACE predictors after PCI with DES implantation were antecedent diabetes mellitus (RR = 0.45; 95% CI 0.20-0.97; p = 0.045), prior thrombolytic therapy (RR = 0.42; 95% CI 0.27-0.83; p = 0.039), baseline plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 (PAI-1; p = 0.008) and plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity (p = 0.007). Other clinical characteristics and laboratory indices showed no correlation with MACE. CONCLUSIONS: Background diabetes mellitus, prior thrombolytic therapy, PAI-1 and vWF prestenting activity may be useful for MACE prediction over 28 months of follow-up.