Key result
Global tissue Doppler imaging detects pulmonary hypertension in heartworm-infected dogs with ~95% sensitivity.
Why the study?
Heartworm disease causes irreversible structural damage and sustained pulmonary hypertension in dogs, and the diagnostic value of echocardiography tissue Doppler imaging to detect this hypertension needed assessment.
Does echocardiographic tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) accurately detect the presence of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis)?
Cross-Sectional (n=149)
No
Does echocardiographic tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) accurately detect the presence of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis)?
Echocardiographic tissue Doppler imaging (particularly global TDI, R-TEI, HRI-IVCT, and HRI-IVRT) provides a highly sensitive and specific non-invasive adjunct for diagnosing precapillary pulmonary hypertension in dogs with heartworm disease.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports TDI for PH detection in heartworm disease; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
BACKGROUND: is a nematode that produces proliferative pulmonary endarteritis in dogs due to direct contact of the adult parasites with the intima layer of the pulmonary arteries, leading to irreversible severe structural damage and sustained pulmonary hypertension (PH), which can produce severe cardiorespiratory disorders. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of the echocardiography tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in determining the presence of PH in dogs with heartworm disease. METHODS: There were 116 heartworm-infected dogs with PH and 33 healthy dogs included in the study. Based on the right pulmonary artery distensibility index (RPADi) < 29.5%, PH was present in 47.4% of infected dogs. Additionally, the animals were evaluated using other standard alternative echocardiographic measures to estimate PH. Moreover, a total of eight echocardiographic measurements were analysed using the TDI to determine its usefulness in diagnosing PH (E', A', S, E':A', global TDI, HRI-IVCT, HRI-IVRT, R-TEI). RESULTS: The TDI measurements showed significant differences between dogs with and without PH, demonstrating a positive correlation with respect to the RPADi. In addition, cut-off values for the detection of PH with excellent sensitivity and specificity were found for E':A', global TDI, HRI-IVCT, HRI-IVRT and R-TEI. CONCLUSIONS: The TDI mode may be useful as an adjunct diagnostic method for the determination of PH in dogs with
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Matos et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Canine heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis) and precapillary pulmonary hypertension (n=149). Echocardiographic tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) vs. Right pulmonary artery distensibility index (RPADi < 29.5%) gold standard and normotensive dogs was evaluated on Diagnostic accuracy of TDI measurements (specifically global TDI and R-TEI) for detecting pulmonary hypertension (RPADi < 29.5%) (p=0.000). Tissue Doppler imaging indices accurately identified pulmonary hypertension in heartworm-infected dogs, with global TDI achieving 94.5% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity.
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