Reconstructing the MaterialParticle System

Based on highenergy collision experiments, modern highenergy physics has observed a large number of shortlived microscopic signals. These transient highenergy aggregates are generally classified as material particles, which leads to the establishment of the quarkgluon theoretical framework. This framework relies heavily on additional assumptions, parameter adjustments and submodels to explain experimental contradictions. It has become cumbersome and lacks selfconsistency at the fundamental level, failing to distinguish real material particles from transient highenergy phenomena. On the basis of the LightOrigin Theory, this paper adopts three criteria: whether a microstructure possesses fixed selflocking internal configuration, whether it can exist stably for a long time, and whether it can build macroscopic matter. A complete and selfconsistent materialparticle system is reestablished. This paper clarifies that protons, electrons and quasistable neutrons are formed by highenergy gammaray photons through strong selflocking. They have longlived steadystate selflocking structures and serve as genuine material particles constituting the real material world. Objects such as pions possess temporary weak selflocking structures with extremely short lifetimes. They belong to transitional configurations in material evolution rather than material particles. Glueballs and various shortlived resonance states are fluid clusters temporarily assembled by gammaray photons. Without fixed internal structures, they represent transient physical phenomena and do not have the attributes of material particles. The concepts of quarks and gluons are stagespecific interpretations for instantaneous local collision signals under the limitation of early experimental instruments. They are not objectively existing material structures. Recent experimental decay chains of glueballs provide direct evidence for the LightOrigin Theory without indirect macrophenomenon verification. This reconstruction clarifies hierarchical boundaries of microscopic matter, resolves longstanding fundamental contradictions in traditional particle physics, and offers a new originoriented framework for interpreting microscopicphysics theories and experiments.