Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Contact angle and scratch tests have been conducted to investigate the effects of nano-TiO2 additive in oil-in-water (O/W) lubricant. The results show that the contact angle between high-speed steel with oxide scale and 1% (oil concentration) O/W lubricant decreases first and then increases as the concentration of nano-TiO2 particle in the O/W lubricant increases. The smallest contact angle is obtained after an addition of 4% nano-TiO2 additive to the O/W lubricant. This is because the nano-TiO2 can enhance the surface excess of the oil when the nano-TiO2 particles distribute throughout the surface of the oil droplets, and after saturation they can distribute throughout the water and also improve the surface excess of the water in the O/W lubricant. The scratch and hot rolling tests show that the nano-TiO2 particles in the O/W lubricant can also reduce friction, improve scratch resistance, and reduce rolling force. A method for measuring the adhesion force of the oxide scale is proposed and the effect of nanoparticles is discussed. It is demonstrated that the effect of self-lubrication of nanoparticles in the O/W lubricant plays a more significant role in the tribological behavior during hot rolling than wettability.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Xia et al. (2016) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: