Efficacy of Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Percutaneous Cornary Intervention for Patients with Angina Pectoris

Evaluation of hemodynamic parameters, such as fractional flow reserve (FFR), is recommended before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with angina pectoris (AP). However, the advantage of FFR-guided PCI has not been fully established. This study was performed to confirm whether FFR-guided PCI improves the prognosis compared with other treatments. Multiple databases were searched for studies published from 2000 to 2018, and a network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to compare outcomes of FFR-guided PCI, non-FFR-guided PCI, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and medical treatment (MT) for AP based on estimated odds ratios (ORs). The study included 18,093 patients from 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). No evidence of inconsistency was observed among the studies. The NMA showed that the all-cause mortality of FFR-guided PCI was not significantly different from that of the other treatment groups (CABG: OR, 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.7; non-FFR-guided PCI: OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.53-1.4; and MT: OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.52-1.3). The NMA for the composite of all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction, which included 15,454 patients from 12 RCTs, showed that FFR-guided PCI significantly reduced the composite outcome compared with non-FFR-guided PCI and MT (non-FFR-guided PCI: OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.46-0.95 and MT: OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.46-0.95). Although FFR-guided PCI for AP did not show significant prognostic improvement compared with non-FFR-guided PCI, CABG, and MT, FFR-guided PCI may significantly reduce the composite of all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction compared with non-FFR-guided PCI and MT.