Key result
Detectable brown adipose tissue in healthy males was associated with a higher percentage of energy from dietary protein (p=0.01) and fat (p=0.02).
Why the study?
The ability of brown adipocytes to increase metabolic rate suggests potential as an obesity treatment, prompting a search for dietary factors that enhance brown adipose tissue activity.
Does dietary protein source affect brown adipose tissue activity in healthy males?
Cross-Sectional (n=28)
Does dietary protein source affect brown adipose tissue activity in healthy males?
p-value: p=0.01
Different dietary protein sources (animal vs. plant) may modulate brown adipose tissue activity, potentially offering a novel approach to weight reduction.
No immediate dietary changes indicated; leaves open whether protein source causally modulates BAT activity.
Background: The unique ability of brown adipocytes to increase metabolic rate suggests that they could be targeted as an obesity treatment. Objective: The objective of the study was to search for new dietary factors that may enhance brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity. Methods: The study group comprised 28 healthy non-smoking males, aged 21–42 years old. All volunteers underwent a physical examination and a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75g-OGTT). Serum atrial and brain natriuretic peptide (ANP, BNP), PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homologous domain containing 16 (PRDM16) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) measurements were taken, and 3-day food intake diaries were completed. Body composition measurements were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning and bioimpedance methods. An fluorodeoxyglucose-18 (FDG-18) uptake in BAT was assessed by positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) in all participants after 2 h cold exposure. The results were adjusted for age, daily energy intake, and DXA lean mass. Results: Subjects with detectable BAT (BAT(+)) were characterized by a higher percentage of energy obtained from dietary protein and fat and higher muscle mass (p = 0.01, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively). In the BAT(+) group, animal protein intake was positively associated (p= 0.04), whereas the plant protein intake negatively correlated with BAT activity (p = 0.03). Additionally, the presence of BAT was inversely associated with BNP concentration in the 2 h of cold exposure (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The outcomes of our study suggest that different macronutrient consumption may be a new way to modulate BAT activity leading to weight reduction.
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Maliszewska et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy (n=28). Dietary protein and fat intake was evaluated on Detectable brown adipose tissue (BAT(+)) (p=0.01). Detectable brown adipose tissue in healthy males was associated with a higher percentage of energy from dietary protein (p=0.01) and fat (p=0.02).
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