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August 12, 2026BMC PediatricsOpen Access

Comparison of lung ultrasonography and chest radiography in detecting neonatal respiratory distress as a composite clinical condition: a prospective cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study at Muhimbili National Hospital

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Authors

HDHollo K. DadiBBBalowa M. BarakaIMIrene H. Mhalu

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Overview

Prospective cross-sectional study compares lung ultrasound to chest radiography for neonatal respiratory distress, suggesting beneficial use in resource-limited settings.

Key Points

  • The aim is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound compared to chest radiography in detecting neonatal respiratory distress.
  • Conducted a prospective cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study at Muhimbili National Hospital from June to December 2022.
  • Enrolled 179 neonates with clinical signs of respiratory distress, who underwent both lung ultrasound and chest radiography within 6 hours.
  • Calculated sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values using a composite clinico-radiological reference standard.
  • Lung ultrasound showed sensitivity of 95.1% and specificity of 94.7%, compared to chest radiography's 90.3% sensitivity and 89.5% specificity.
  • Positive predictive value for lung ultrasound was 96.1% versus 92.1% for chest radiography; negative predictive value was 93.5% versus 87.2%.
  • Lung ultrasound demonstrated almost perfect agreement with the reference standard (κ = 0.898) and substantial agreement with chest radiography (κ = 0.806).

Cite This Study

Dadi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7c203e06a85aed514b72e7https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-026-07345-w
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Knowledge Dissemination of Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Mixed-methods Study2026
  2. 2Lung ultrasound versus chest X-ray in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections at a tertiary center: a prospective observational study2026
  3. 3Combined Lung and Cranial Ultrasound for Early Identification and Severity Stratification of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome2026
  4. 4Lung ultrasound for neonatal respiratory distress in a resource-limited county hospital: a pilot study2026
  5. 5Diagnostic Accuracy of Chest Radiography Versus Lung Ultrasound in Pediatric Pneumonia: A Comparative Study2023