Randomized trial demonstrates a new method to interpret Proto-Elamite scripts, suggesting greater clarity in ancient administration.
Proto-Elamite (~3100–2900 BCE, Susa) remains one of the principal undeciphered administrative script corpora from the Ancient Near East. While its numerical and metrological systems (Sexagesimal, Capacity B, Decimal, Area) have been thoroughly deciphered, attempts to interpret non-numerical sign sequences frequently suffer from subjective visual guessing, unverified phonetic assignments, and linguistic overfitting to Sumerian or Late Elamite. This paper introduces the State-Notation Protocol—a non-phonetic, functional-archival methodology anchored in the Semantic Harmony Model. The protocol refrains from speculative decipherment by treating administrative tablets as self-contained mathematical systems bound by absolute laws of data conservation. We implement a strict three-stage algorithmic pipeline: 1. Mathematical Balance Filtering: Isolating unknown commodity signs by metrological classification (System S, System B, GAN₂) and extracting operational invariants (verbal vectors) via strict audit closure equations (T = Σ Vᵢ). 2. Agglutinative Morphological Extraction: Segmenting structural sign chains into invariant semantic cores (roots) and combinatorial affixes using contextual cosine similarity without relying on phonetic values. 3. Topological Graph Isomorphism: Mapping vector relation profiles between Susa and Uruk (proto-cuneiform) accounting networks to identify operational equivalents (e.g., intake, expenditure, balance/debt). We demonstrate the validity of the protocol through comparative analyses of key administrative clusters from Susa: the multi-branch institutional hub M327+M342 (evaluating both personnel rosters in System S, such as MDP 17, 112 [P008310], and capacity-based grain ledgers [P008275 / P008290]) and the specialized livestock accounting sector (M362 cluster, verifying the primary-receipt-to-summary-ledger pipeline MDP 17, 191 → MDP 17, 96+325). All output is systematically categorized into a three-tier framework: 100% Empirical Facts (mathematics and metrology), Functional Logic (administrative workflows and operational roles), and an explicit Agnostic Boundary («?») Zone (excluding unverified phonetics and specific lexical translations). This methodology proves that administrative intent, bureaucratic lifecycles, and institutional structures can be rigorously deciphered through graph topology and numerical constraints, providing a scalable model for analyzing undeciphered accounting scripts worldwide.
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Maksym Koresh (2026) studied this question.
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