Key result
Maternal neutralizing antibody seropositivity to HPeV3 was 61% in cord blood and decreased significantly with increasing maternal age, while all infants with severe HPeV3 disease had low titers at onset.
Why the study?
Do maternal neutralizing antibodies protect young infants from severe diseases related to HPeV3 infection?
Observational (n=220)
Yes
Do maternal neutralizing antibodies protect young infants from severe diseases related to HPeV3 infection?
Low maternal neutralizing antibody titers to HPeV3 correlate with severe HPeV3-related diseases in young infants, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for IVIG supplementation.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Low maternal HPeV3 titers were associated with severe infant disease; hypothesis-generating for IVIG, needs prospective validation.
Human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV3) is an emerging pathogen that causes sepsis and meningoencephalitis in young infants. To test the hypothesis that maternal antibodies can protect this population, we measured neutralizing antibody titers (NATs) to HPeV3 and other genotypes (HPeV1 and HPeV6) in 175 cord blood samples in Japan. The seropositivity rate (≥1:32) for HPeV3 was 61%, similar to that for the other genotypes, but decreased significantly as maternal age increased (p<0.001). Furthermore, during the 2014 HPeV3 epidemic, prospective measurement of NATs to HPeV3 in 45 patients with severe diseases caused by HPeV3 infection showed low NATs (≤1:16) at onset and persistently high NATs (≥1:512) until age 6 months. All intravenous immunoglobulin samples tested elicited high NATs to HPeV3. Our findings indicate that maternal antibodies to HPeV3 may help protect young infants from severe diseases related to HPeV3 and that antibody supplementation may benefit these patients.
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Aizawa et al. (2015) conducted an observational in Severe diseases related to Human Parechovirus Type 3 (HPeV3) (n=220). Maternal neutralizing antibodies to HPeV3 vs. Low or absent maternal antibodies was evaluated on HPeV3 seropositivity rate (>1:32) in cord blood and its association with maternal age (p=<0.001). Maternal neutralizing antibody seropositivity to HPeV3 was 61% in cord blood and decreased significantly with increasing maternal age, while all infants with severe HPeV3 disease had low titers at onset.
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