Impact of bicarbonate on ionized calcium and cardiac function in albumin‐free Langendorff perfusion in hearts of male rats

Figures

• 

  FIGURE 1. LVDP results of the Langendorff experiment. ANOVA with the Student‐Neumann‐Keuls test unless stated otherwise. (a) Dependence of preischemic LVDP on calcium levels and presence/absence of preload, N = 10,10,10,9 (b) Maximal LVDP recovery in various calcium concentrations, N = 10,10,12 (c) Effect of the change of the calcium concentration on the LVDP in the same heart, paired t‐tests, N = 9 (d) Maximal LVDP recovery with the addition of preload, N = 10,10,10,9 (e) 30 min. LVDP recovery with the addition of preload, N = 10,10,10,9 f) Maximal LVDP recovery in the prolonged ischemia, t‐test, N = 9,10.

• 

  FIGURE 2. TTC results of the Langendorff experiments. ANOVA with the Student‐Neumann‐Keuls test unless stated otherwise. (a) Dependence of the TTC staining on sample storage time, stricter threshold, N = 10 (b) Dependence of the TTC staining on sample storage time, broader threshold, N = 10 (c) TTC staining in various calcium concentrations, stricter threshold, N = 7,10,12 (d) TTC staining with the addition of preload, stricter threshold, N = 7,10,10,9 (e) TTC staining (stricter threshold) in the prolonged ischemia, t‐test, N = 9,10 (f) TTC staining (stricter threshold) in the reduced magnesium and added isoprenaline groups, N = 9,10,10.

• 

  FIGURE 3. Additional results of the Langendorff experiments. ANOVA with the Student‐Neumann‐Keuls test unless stated otherwise. (a) 10 min. LVDP recovery in the prolonged ischemia, t‐test, N = 9,10 (b) Correlation between the balloon pressure and LVDP recovery, correlation with regression N = 10 (c) Maximal LVDP recovery in the reduced magnesium and added isoprenaline groups, N = 9,10,10 (d) Biphasic effect of the isoprenaline administration on the LVDP, t‐tests, N = 10 (e) Time to recovery (all groups), N = 10,10,12,10,9,10,10,10 (f) Computerized maximal LVDP recovery vs. subjective maximal LVDP recovery, correlation with regression, N = 81.

• 

  FIGURE 4. Calcium ISE measurements (parentheses () indicate solution number from the Table S1): N = 1 chemically defined artificial solution per experimental condition. These experiments were designed as physicochemical observations rather than biological replicate studies. (a) Krebs–Henseleit calibration curve (b) NaCl calibration curve (c) Approximation for the reduction in calcium activity caused by the Debye‐Hückel principle (d) Approximation for the reduction in calcium activity caused by the Albumin (e) Residual calcium activity in the distilled water saturated by citrate or oxalate (f) Influence of glucose on calcium activity (g) Influence of mannitol on calcium activity (h) Influence of magnesium on calcium activity.

• 

  FIGURE 5. Calcium ISE measurements regarding bicarbonate (parentheses () indicate solution number from the Table S1) Unless otherwise indicated, N = 1 chemically defined artificial solution per experimental condition. These experiments were designed as physicochemical observations rather than biological replicate studies: (a) Dose‐dependent decrease in the calcium activity caused by bicarbonate (b) Time dependent decrease in the calcium activity in the “high” concentration of bicarbonate, albumin and bicarbonate with albumin (c) Comparison of the effects of alkalosis induced by bicarbonate or NaOH on calcium activity. (d) No effect on calcium activity of the isolated change of pH or CO2 (in the solution with nothing else to bind calcium to) (e) Influence of phosphate and pH on calcium activity (h) Comparison of calcium activity in the artificial solutions analogical to human and rat biochemistry (N = 1) and calcium activity in a rat plasma based on the Krebs–Henseleit and NaCl calibrations (N = 20).