Key result
In untreated Indian subjects, females had lower daytime systolic blood pressure (131 vs 133 mm Hg) but higher nighttime systolic blood pressure (122 vs 121 mm Hg) and higher heart rates than males.
Why the study?
Women are underrepresented in groups of patients seeking hypertension care in India.
Cross-Sectional (n=14,977)
Yes
Absolute Event Rate: 131% vs 133%
p-value: p=<0.001
In untreated Indian subjects, females exhibit higher nighttime systolic blood pressure and heart rate, and lower dipping percentages compared to males, suggesting a need for equal ABPM screening in women to detect masked cardiovascular risk.
Sex differences in ambulatory BP should not yet guide management in untreated Indians; hypothesis-generating for nocturnal hypertension risk.
Women are underrepresented in groups of patients seeking hypertension care in India. The present paper reports trends in office and ambulatory blood pressure measurement (OBPM, ABPM) and 24-h heart rate (HR) with sex in 14,977 subjects untreated for hypertension (aged 47.3 ± 13.9 years, males 69.4%) visiting primary care physicians. Results showed that, for systolic blood pressure (SBP), females had lower daytime ABPM (131 ± 16 vs. 133 ± 14 mm Hg, P < .001) but higher nighttime ABPM (122 ± 18 vs. 121 ± 16 mm Hg, P < .001) than males. Females had higher HR than men at daytime (80 ± 11 vs 79 ± 11.5 bpm) and nighttime (71 ± 11 vs 69 ± 11), respectively (all P < .001). Dipping percentages for SBP (7.4 ± 7.3 vs 9.3 ± 7.4%), DBP (10.1 ± 8.6 vs. 12.3 ± 8.9%), and HR (10.7 ± 7.9 vs. 12.8 ± 9.2%) were lower (P < .001) for females than for males, respectively. Females more often had isolated nighttime hypertension as compared to males (14.9%, n = 684% vs 10.6%, n = 1105; P < .001). BP patterns and HR showed clear differences in sex, particularly at nighttime. As females were more often affected by non-dipping and elevated nighttime SBP and HR than males, they should receive ABPM, at least, as frequently as men to document higher risk necessitating treatment.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Kaul et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Untreated for hypertension (n=14,977). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Daytime systolic blood pressure (ABPM) (p=<0.001). In untreated Indian subjects, females had lower daytime systolic blood pressure (131 vs 133 mm Hg) but higher nighttime systolic blood pressure (122 vs 121 mm Hg) and higher heart rates than males.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: