Population
Short lengths of cat papillary muscle and frog ventricle strip
Comparison
Epinephrine (1 to 2 µg/ml) vs Baseline conditions or potassium chloride…
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Epinephrine's state-dependent tension effects in isolated animal muscle warrant clinical caution; leaves open mechanisms of inotropic action for targeted study.
Epinephrine exhibits paradoxical effects on cardiac muscle tension depending on the state of contraction, suggesting its inotropic action involves modulation of excitation-contraction coupling.
Kavaler et al. (1966) studied this question.
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