Why the study?
It was unknown whether the leptin and APOC3 pathways function independently or interact under physiological conditions and acute or long-term energy deficiency.
Does leptin administration regulate APOC3 levels in states of hypoleptinemia induced by acute or chronic energy deficiency?
Does leptin administration regulate APOC3 levels in states of hypoleptinemia induced by acute or chronic energy deficiency?
Leptin administration does not regulate APOC3 levels in acute or chronic energy deficiency, suggesting medications targeting these pathways act independently to regulate triglycerides.
APOC3 appears independent of leptin in energy deficiency; leaves open whether dual pathway targeting benefits hypertriglyceridaemia.
BACKGROUND: Medications targeting the leptin and Apolipoprotein CIII (APOC3) pathways are currently under development for the treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia. Given that both pathways are implicated in triglyceride regulation, it is unknown whether they function independently or interact under physiological conditions and under acute or long-term energy deficiency. METHODS: APOC3 levels and their association with circulating lipids and lipoproteins were evaluated in the context of two randomised controlled studies. In Study-1, 15 healthy individuals were examined under three distinct conditions, each lasting 72 h: isocaloric feeding, fasting with placebo administration and fasting with leptin administered at replacement doses. In Study-2, 20 females with hypoleptinemia due to relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) for a minimum of 6 months were treated with either leptin or a placebo for 36 weeks. RESULTS: In Study-1, APOC3 levels remained stable across all arms and were unaffected by leptin administration. In the fed state, APOC3 levels presented positive correlations with various VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL sizes, and free fatty acids (FFA), most of which were not replicated in fasting. During complete energy deprivation, APOC3 was correlated with HDL molecules, glutamine and FFA, whereas its levels were positively associated only with FFA under leptin treatment. In Study-2, APOC3 levels were lower in the leptin group, but this was not a leptin-dependent effect. A positive correlation between APOC3 levels and HDL was observed in the leptin group. CONCLUSIONS: These results contribute towards our better understanding of the intricate nature of lipid regulation under energy deficiency, suggesting that medications targeting the leptin and APOC3 pathways act through different metabolic pathways and thus may have independent effects from each other in regulating triglycerides.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Stefanakis et al. (2025) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: