192 GHz push–push VCO in 0.13 µm CMOS

A 192 GHz cross-coupled push–push voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is fabricated using the UMC 0.13 µm CMOS logic process. The VCO can be tuned from 191.4 to 192.7 GHz. The VCO provides output power of ∼−20 dBm and phase noise of ∼−100 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset, while consuming 11 mA from a 1.5 V supply.