Population
Animals with congenital cardiac disease
Design
Review
Authors
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May support non-invasive assessment in veterinary congenital disease; leaves open species-specific validation of human-derived references.
Doppler echocardiography allows for non-invasive acquisition of direct hemodynamic information in animals with congenital cardiac disease, though interpretation currently relies on human data.
N. Sydney Möise (1989) studied this question.
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