Drug-induced non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage associated with the use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is characterized by a high level of disability and mortality. One of the most important reasons that lead to an increased risk and an increase in the ICH prevalence are antithrombotic drugs: anticoagulant, antiplatelet and thrombolytic. The main risk factors for ICH are advanced age, arterial hypertension, and the use of antithrombotic drugs of different groups. Treatment of ICH while taking drugs affecting hemostasis, is an extremely difficult task and there is not enough sufficiently convincing recommendations and evidence. The decision to resume therapy with the drug, that led to the development of ICH, and the timing of this resumption, is also not a completely clear problem that requires a balance between ischemic and hemorrhagic complications. The most important aspect of prevention is strict adherence to current recommendations regarding combinations of antithrombotic drugs and protocols for thrombolytic therapy, which will minimize the risks of ICH.