Kidney Transplantation in HIV‐Infected Patients

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has traditionally been considered an absolute contraindication to solid organ transplantation. With improvements in survival and increases in the prevalence of end-stage liver and kidney disease in HIV-positive patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy, many transplant centers have begun to reconsider the role of transplantation in patients with well-controlled HIV infection. This article reviews the literature on transplantation in HIV-infected patients, with a focus on kidney transplantation in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.