Ultrasound, cardiotocography, Doppler blood flow studies of the fetal and placental circulation, fetal blood and tissue sampling have provided in recent years completely new information on fetal physiology during gestation. The present knowledge of the physiology of the midtrimester fetus has been reviewed and is simmarized in the following subjects: fetal growht, amniotic fluid, cardiovascular system, acid-base balance, lungs, kidneys and fetal blood.
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Rodeck et al. (1988) studied this question.
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