Why the study?
Risk factors for VTE are multifactorial, and the individual association of non-genetic risk factors to VTE needs further research because they may depend on other environmental factors.
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Design
Review
This review summarizes the multifactorial genetic and non-genetic risk factors contributing to venous thromboembolism.
Both the deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are classified into venous thromboembolism (VTE). Risk factors for VTE are multifactorial with both genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin, and ABO blood group are three widely researched mutations highly associated to VTE while there are other rarer genetic risk factors such as Protein C, Protein S, Antithrombin deficiencies. Race and ethnicity, age, sex, diet and lifestyle are examples of some of the non-genetic risk factors for VTE; however, because non-genetic risk factors may be dependent of other environmental factors (such as the relationship between sex and oral contraceptives), their individual association to VTE needs further research.
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Chen et al. (2022) studied this question.
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