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This study examined the relationship between human brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity and thermogenesis in response to topical menthol application, which activates transient receptor potential melastatin-8. A significant positive correlation was observed between BAT activity and energy expenditure. Fat oxidation was significantly greater with menthol application in the individuals with high BAT activity. Taken together, topical menthol application enhances thermogenesis and fat oxidation, which depends, in part, on BAT activity in humans.
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Wakabayashi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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