Green synthesis and characterisation of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles mediated by Annona muricata medicinal leaves extracts

In this study, Annona muricata leaf extract was used as a reducing and stabilising agent to effectively produce zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles utilising a green chemistry technique. By eliminating dangerous chemicals and having a less environmental impact than conventional chemical synthesis, this method offers an eco-friendly alternative. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and antimicrobial analysis were used to comprehensively characterise the ZnO NPs produced. The effective production of crystalline ZnO nanoparticles with nanoscale size and shape was validated by these investigations. Bioactive compounds that stabilised the nanoparticles were found using FTIR spectroscopy. The generated nanoparticles exhibited good crystallinity, nanoscale morphology, and characteristic structural features, as confirmed by XRD, TEM, FTIR, and SAED analyses. Furthermore, the study emphasises the crucial role of plant-derived biomolecules in controlling nanoparticle size and maximising stability. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the production of green nanomaterials for industrial, biomedical, and environmental applications and shows an inexpensive, eco-friendly synthesis method.