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August 13, 2026BMC Public HealthOpen Access

Temperature exposure and cardiovascular outpatient visits: a distributed lag non-linear analysis in Hangzhou, China

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Authors

YLYe LvHangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHXHong XuHangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionCLChaokang LiHangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention

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Overview

Randomized trial quantifies increased cardiovascular outpatient visits due to heat exposure in an urban population, indicating urgent public health needs.

Key Points

  • The aim is to quantify the impact of daily mean temperature and heatwaves on cardiovascular outpatient visits.
  • Analyzed data from 1,906,418 outpatient visits and daily meteorological data from 2018 to 2023
  • Employed a quasi-Poisson generalized additive model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model
  • Conducted subgroup analyses by gender and age, calculating attributable fractions.
  • A U-shaped relationship was found with an optimum temperature of 22.46 °C.
  • Cumulative relative risk for extreme heat was CRR = 1.869 (95% CI: 1.165–3.000)
  • For the elderly (≥ 60 years), the highest risk was CRR = 2.021 (95% CI: 1.143–3.573).

Cite This Study

Lv et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7d76e62b0e0cff3f640bb9https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-28981-y
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