Key result
Trilobatin improved cardiac function, inhibited myocardial fibrosis, and reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity models by targeting FDX1 to suppress cuproptosis.
Why the study?
Doxorubicin use is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity driven by mitochondrial oxidative stress, but the cardioprotective effects of the antioxidant trilobatin in this setting remain unclear.
Trilobatin is a potential cardioprotective agent that ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress and inhibiting cuproptosis via targeting FDX1.
TLB may attenuate doxorubicin cardiotoxicity; leaves open clinical translation and safety.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, whose use is limited owing to its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Mitochondrial oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Trilobatin (TLB), a naturally occurring food additive, exhibits strong antioxidant properties, but its cardioprotective effects in DIC is unclear. This study investigates the cardioprotective effect of TLB on DIC. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: DOX was used to generate an in vivo and in vitro model of cardiotoxicity. Echocardiography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were used to evaluate the cardiac function in these models. To identify the targets of TLB, RNA-sequence analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, surface plasmon resonance binding assays and protein immunoblotting techniques were used. Transmission electron microscopy, along with dihydroethidium and Mito-SOX staining, was conducted to examine the impact of trilobatin on mitochondrial oxidative stress. SiRNA transfection was performed to confirm the role of ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) in DIC development. KEY RESULTS: In DIC mice, TLB improved cardiac function in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited myocardial fibrosis in DIC mice. TLB also attenuated DOX-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced cardiac mitochondrial oxidative stress. TLB was found to directly bind to FDX1 and suppresses cuproptosis after DOX treatment, causing significant inhibition of cuproptosis-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This is the first study to show that TLB strongly inhibits DIC by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress and controlling DOX-mediated cuproptosis by targeting FDX1. Therefore, TLB is as a potential phytochemical cardioprotective candidate for ameliorating DIC.
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Wei et al. (2025) studied Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Trilobatin vs. Doxorubicin alone was evaluated on Cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Trilobatin improved cardiac function, inhibited myocardial fibrosis, and reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity models by targeting FDX1 to suppress cuproptosis.
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