Why the study?
To further understand the relationship between cardiac function and flow on the basis of sex by quantifying cardiac flow characteristics and relating them to cardiac muscle performance in young adults.
Are there sex differences in cardiac flow dynamics and cardiac muscle performance in healthy young adults?
Population
20 male and 19 female volunteers aged 20–35 years
Comparison
Men vs women
Design
Cross-sectional study
Authors
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Sex differences in healthy LV flow dynamics should inform sex-specific reference standards; leaves open prognostic or therapeutic relevance.
Are there sex differences in cardiac flow dynamics and cardiac muscle performance in healthy young adults?
Healthy young women exhibit higher left ventricular vorticity and strain metrics compared to men, while men have higher peak systolic kinetic energy, highlighting baseline sex differences in cardiac flow dynamics.
Rutkowski et al. (2020) studied this question.
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