Key result
Autologous cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases is limited by aging and disease, which may be reversed by pretreatment with small molecules, polymers, or growth factors.
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Review highlights how aging and vascular disease impair progenitor cell therapy in cardiovascular disorders, suggesting preconditioning strategies to restore efficacy.
Cell therapy is a promising option for treating ischemic diseases and heart failure. Adult stem and progenitor cells from various sources have experimentally been shown to augment the functional recovery after ischemia, and clinical trials have confirmed that autologous cell therapy using bone marrow-derived or circulating blood-derived progenitor cells is safe and provides beneficial effects. However, aging and risk factors for coronary artery disease affect the functional activity of the endogenous stem/progenitor cell pools, thereby at least partially limiting the therapeutic potential of the applied cells. In addition, age and disease affect the tissue environment, in which the cells are infused or injected. The present review article will summarize current evidence for cell impairment during aging and disease but also discuss novel approaches how to reverse the dysfunction of cells or to refresh the target tissue. Pretreatment of cells or the target tissue by small molecules, polymers, growth factors, or a combination thereof may provide useful approaches for enhancement of cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Dimmeler et al. (2008) conducted a review in Ischemic diseases and heart failure. Autologous cell therapy using bone marrow-derived or circulating blood-derived progenitor cells was evaluated. Autologous cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases is limited by aging and disease, which may be reversed by pretreatment with small molecules, polymers, or growth factors.
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