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June 22, 1994JAMA

The Effectiveness of the Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation

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Authors

MFMichael C. FioreOklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences

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Implication

Meta-analysis demonstrates increased abstinence rates with nicotine patch use in tobacco-dependent adults, indicating broad clinical efficacy.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the overall efficacy and optimal treatment strategies of the transdermal nicotine patch for tobacco dependence.
  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials published through September 1993 with random assignment, biochemical confirmation of abstinence, and duration of 4 weeks or longer.
  • Identified 17 studies (N=5098) from MEDLINE, Psychological Abstracts, and FDA new drug applications.
  • Assessed pooled abstinence rates and odds ratios across patch formulations (16-hour vs 24-hour), treatment duration, weaning, and counseling intensity at end of treatment and 6-month follow-up.
  • Abstinence rates were significantly higher with active nicotine patches compared to placebo at the end of treatment (27% vs 13%; OR 2.6) and at 6 months (22% vs 9%; OR 3.0).
  • Active patches remained superior across all variations, with 16-hour and 24-hour patches demonstrating comparable efficacy and treatment extensions beyond 8 weeks showing no additional benefit.
  • Intensive behavioral counseling provided a reliable but modest positive increase in abstinence rates alongside patch therapy.

Cite This Study

Michael C. Fiore (1994) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7ef487e7861671be8ed1c9https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1994.03510480064036
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1A Double-Blind Trial of a 16-Hour Transdermal Nicotine Patch in Smoking Cessation1991 · 296 citations
  2. 2Clinical and pharmacokinetic properties of a transdermal nicotine patch1990 · 91 citations
  3. 3A Controlled Trial of Sustained-Release Bupropion, a Nicotine Patch, or Both for Smoking Cessation1999 · 1,606 citations
  4. 4Effects of Combined Varenicline With Nicotine Patch and of Extended Treatment Duration on Smoking Cessation2021 · 60 citations
  5. 5Serum nicotine and cotinine levels during nicotine-patch therapy1993 · 91 citations