Why the study?
Hypertension is a prevalent major risk factor for CVD and CKD, prompting the USPSTF to reaffirm its 2015 recommendation by evaluating the benefits, harms, and accuracy of hypertension screening methods.
Does screening for hypertension provide net benefit in adults 18 years or older without known hypertension?
Systematic Review
Does screening for hypertension provide net benefit in adults 18 years or older without known hypertension?
The USPSTF reaffirms its recommendation to screen all adults 18 years or older for hypertension using office blood pressure measurement, with out-of-office confirmation prior to initiating treatment.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Continue office BP screening plus out-of-office confirmation as standard care; reaffirms the prior USPSTF Grade A recommendation.
Importance: Hypertension is a prevalent condition that affects approximately 45% of the adult US population and is the most commonly diagnosed condition at outpatient office visits. Hypertension is a major contributing risk factor for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Objective: To reaffirm its 2015 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for hypertension in adults, the accuracy of office blood pressure measurement for initial screening, and the accuracy of various confirmatory blood pressure measurement methods. Population: Adults 18 years or older without known hypertension. Evidence Assessment: Using a reaffirmation deliberation process, the USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for hypertension in adults has substantial net benefit. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement. The USPSTF recommends obtaining blood pressure measurements outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment. (A recommendation).
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Krist et al. (2021) conducted a systematic review in Hypertension. Screening for hypertension was evaluated on Benefits and harms of screening for hypertension. Screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older has substantial net benefit, supporting routine office blood pressure measurement with out-of-office diagnostic confirmation.
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