Assessment of students.

Therapeutic and toxic plasma concentrations of commonly measured drugs Concentration below Concentrationabove which a therapeutic which a toxic effect Drug effect is unlikely is more likely Aminoglycosides: Amikacin 34 ,umol/l (20 ,ug/ml) 55 ,umol/I (32 ,ug/ml) (at peak) (at peak) 17 ,imol/I (10,g/ml) (at trough) Gentamicin 5 ;Lg/ml (at peak) 12 ,ug/ml (at peak) 2,ug/ml (at trough) Kanamycin 50 ,umol/l (25 ,ug/ml) 80 ,umol/I (40 ,ug/ml) (at peak) (at peak) 20 jimol/I (10 ,ug/mI) (at trough) Cardiac glycosides: Digitoxin 20 nmol/I (15 ng/ml) 39 nmol/l (30 ng/ml) Digoxin 1.0 nmol/l (0-8 ng/ml) 3.8 nmol/l (3 ng/ml) Cyclosporin* 80-200 nmol/I 170-330 nmol/I (100-250 ng/mI) (200-400 ng/ml) Lithium 0.4 mmol/l 1-0 mmol/l Phenytoin 40 jimol/l (10 ,ug/ml) 80 ,umol/l (20 ,ug/ml) Theophylline 55 ,umol/I (10 jig/ml) 110 ,umol/l (20 ,ug/ml) *Measured in whole blood by specific radioimmunoassay or high performance liquid chromatography. The actual results depend on the laboratory in which the measurement is made.