Post-discharge and long-term follow-up after an acute coronary syndrome: International Collaborative Group of CNCF position paper.

Introduction: Long-term follow-up after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presents a crucial challenge due to the high residual cardiovascular risk and the potential for major bleeding events. Although several treatment strategies are available, this article focuses on patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS, which is a frequent clinical situation. This position paper aims to support physicians in daily practice to improve the management of ACS patients. Material and methods: A group of recognized international and French experts in the field provides an overview of current evidence-based recommendations - supplemented by expert opinion where such evidence is lacking - and a practical guide for the management of patients with ACS after hospital discharge. Results: The International Collaborative Group underlines the need of a shared collaborative approach, and a care plan individualized to the patient's risk profile for both ischaemia and bleeding. Each follow-up appointment should be viewed as an opportunity to optimize the personalized approach, to reduce adverse clinical outcomes and improve quality of life. As risks - both ischaemic and haemorrhagic - evolve over time, the risk-benefit balance should be assessed in an ongoing dynamic process to ensure that patients are given the most suitable treatment at each time point. Conclusions: This Expert Opinion aims to help clinicians with a practical guide underlying the proven strategies and the remaining gaps of evidence to optimize the management of coronary patients.