Ferroelectric modulated visual devices with spatial and temporal polarization‐sensitivity for information recognition and processing in visibility‐degraded environments

Biological visual systems with polarization sensitivity enable perception in complex environments beyond the capability of human vision. The realization of polarization‐sensitive visual devices with such integrated spatial and temporal perception and nonvolatile modulation remains challenging. Here, drawing inspiration from ocular function of mantis shrimp, we combine intrinsic anisotropy of palladium diselenide (PdSe 2 ) and interfacial ferroelectric field from Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) to drive polarized and nonvolatile synaptic weight modulation. The proposed architecture enables high‐resolution imaging with a wide grayscale range based on underwater environment by spatially distributed polarization illumination. Polarization‐resolved imaging yields graded recognition accuracies ranging from 66.2% to 93.9% without multiframe collection or off‐chip processing, while polarization‐dependent kernels facilitate fuzzy image sharpening and feature extraction. We further demonstrate vehicular temporal‐evolved direction identification within reduced visibility and disruptive interference conditions. Owing to the specific polarized illumination and distinguishable temporal encoding, the visual system realizes high‐accuracy direction recognition of 96.3% based on in‐sensor reservoir computing (RC) and mitigates contrast loss from the foggy weather. This work advances polarization‐enhanced machine vision and provides a viable pathway toward multidimensional perceptual processing through optoelectronic systems.