Key result
Chronic hypertension in pregnancy was associated with adverse outcomes, accounting for a population attributable risk of 22.4% (95% CI 22.2-22.6) for severe preeclampsia or eclampsia.
Why the study?
To evaluate individual- and population-level associations between chronic hypertension and pregnancy complications, and to assess differences across seven racial-ethnic groups.
Does chronic hypertension increase the risk of obstetric and neonatal complications across different racial-ethnic groups in pregnant individuals?
Observational (n=7,955,713)
Yes
Does chronic hypertension increase the risk of obstetric and neonatal complications across different racial-ethnic groups in pregnant individuals?
Effect estimate: PAR 22.4% (95% CI 22.2-22.6)
Chronic hypertension in pregnancy accounts for a substantial fraction of obstetric and neonatal morbidity, with disproportionately higher complication rates in Black and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander populations.
I need the paper's actual findings before writing the implication. Searching now.Fetching the full paper for the primary endpoint and exact framing.Should not yet change practice; leaves open whether reducing chronic hypertension prevalence would narrow racial-ethnic gaps in severe maternal morbidity.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether there are individual- and population-level associations between chronic hypertension and pregnancy complications, and to assess differences across seven racial-ethnic groups. METHODS: This population-based study used linked vital statistics and hospitalization discharge data from all live and stillbirths in California (2008-2018), Michigan (2008-2020), Oregon (2008-2020), Pennsylvania (2008-2014), and South Carolina (2008-2020). We used multivariable log-binomial regression models to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and population attributable risk (PAR) percentages with 95% CIs for associations between chronic hypertension and several obstetric and neonatal outcomes, selected based on prior evidence and pathologic pathways. We adjusted models for demographic factors (race and ethnicity, payment method, educational attainment), age, body mass index, obstetric history, delivery year, and state, and conducted analyses stratified across seven racial-ethnic groups. RESULTS: The study included 7,955,713 pregnancies, of which 168,972 (2.1%) were complicated by chronic hypertension. Chronic hypertension was associated with several adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, with the largest adjusted PAR percentages observed for preeclampsia with severe features or eclampsia (22.4; 95% CI 22.2-22.6), acute renal failure (13.6; 95% CI 12.6-14.6), and pulmonary edema (10.7; 95% CI 8.9-12.6). Estimated RRs overall were similar across racial-ethnic groups, but PAR percentages varied. The adjusted PAR percentages (95% CI) for severe maternal morbidity-a widely used composite of acute severe events-for people who were American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black, Latino, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, White, and Multiracial or Other were 5.0 (1.1-8.8), 3.7 (3.0-4.3), 9.0 (8.2-9.8), 3.9 (3.6-4.3), 11.6 (6.4-16.5), 3.2 (2.9-3.5), and 5.5 (4.2-6.9), respectively. CONCLUSION: Chronic hypertension accounts for a substantial fraction of obstetric and neonatal morbidity and contributes to higher complication rates, particularly for people who are Black or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.
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Leonard et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Pregnancy complications and chronic hypertension (n=7,955,713). Chronic hypertension vs. No chronic hypertension was evaluated on Preeclampsia with severe features or eclampsia (PAR 22.4%, 95% CI 22.2-22.6). Chronic hypertension in pregnancy was associated with adverse outcomes, accounting for a population attributable risk of 22.4% (95% CI 22.2-22.6) for severe preeclampsia or eclampsia.
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