Key result
A basis splines-based active contour method achieved 99.68% accuracy and a 93.33% Dice index for lumen boundary segmentation in transverse B-mode ultrasound images.
The proposed basis splines-based active contour method provides highly accurate automated segmentation of the common carotid artery in ultrasound images.
Automated CCA segmentation may aid IMT research but should not yet change practice; leaves open clinical validation.
We propose a basis splines-based based active contour method for the segmentation of lumen boundary and media adventitia boundary from transverse and longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images. Basis-spline has M knots in the shape template and five free parameters i.e., a pair of center coordinates, scaling in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the rotation angle. The segmentation of the region of interest in ultrasound images is done by minimizing the local energy function using gradient descent technique. Further optimization is carried out using Green’s theorem. Automatic localization poses an equal importance as segmentation and is achieved using sum of absolute difference method. The result of experimental validation has been done on the Signal Processing Lab, Brno University’s database of transverse and longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images consisting of 971 and 84 images, respectively. We attained accurate segmentation of the lumen boundary from transverse and longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images with an accuracy of 99.68% and 96.98% and Dice index of 93.33% and 91.70%, respectively. In addition, we attained an accuracy of 99.29% with Dice index of 91.78% for the segmentation of media adventitia boundary from transverse B-mode ultrasound images, which is the highest among the previously proposed methods.
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Gagan et al. (2022) studied Common Carotid Artery segmentation (n=1,055). Basis splines-based active contour method vs. Previously proposed methods was evaluated on Segmentation accuracy and Dice index of lumen and media adventitia boundaries. A basis splines-based active contour method achieved 99.68% accuracy and a 93.33% Dice index for lumen boundary segmentation in transverse B-mode ultrasound images.
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