Key result
Hypertension in hospitalized COVID-19 patients significantly increased the risk of death (RR 1.79), disease severity (RR 1.74), and ICU admission (RR 1.91).
Why the study?
Preliminary research suggested hypertension increases COVID-19 complications and death, prompting numerous meta-analyses that this umbrella review aimed to synthesize.
Does hypertension increase the risk of death, disease severity, and ICU admission in hospitalized patients with COVID-19?
Meta-Analysis (n=1,281,510)
Does hypertension increase the risk of death, disease severity, and ICU admission in hospitalized patients with COVID-19?
Hypertension is a highly prevalent comorbidity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients that significantly increases the risk of mortality, disease severity, and ICU admission.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant closer surveillance of hypertensive COVID-19 inpatients; confirms consistent risk associations from dozens of prior meta-analyses.
BACKGROUND: Since the COVID-19 outbreak, preliminary research has shown that some risk-associated conditions increase death and severe complications of the disease, hypertension being one of them. Thus, numerous meta-analyses have been conducted to explore this issue. Therefore, this umbrella review aims to perform a meta-analysis of the meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence and associated risks of hypertension in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for the published meta-analyses up to January 1, 2022. Google Scholar, citation check, reference check, and Grey literature were also manually searched. A random-effect model approach was used for analysis. RESULTS: The overall death rate was estimated at 12%. Hypertension was present in 25% of the patients as a comorbid disease. The overall RR for death, disease severity, and the possibility of ICU admission were estimated at 1.79 [1.68-1.89 with 95% CI], 1.74 [1.66-1.83 with 95% CI], and 1.91 [1.48-2.34 with 95% CI], respectively. The meta-regression results showed that being "male" significantly increases the risk of disease severity and ICU admission. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that hypertension is a common comorbid disease in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, which significantly increases mortality risk, the severity of the disease, and the probability of ICU admission. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021231844).
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Khairy et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in COVID-19 (n=1,281,510). Hypertension vs. Absence of hypertension was evaluated on Death (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.68-1.89). Hypertension in hospitalized COVID-19 patients significantly increased the risk of death (RR 1.79), disease severity (RR 1.74), and ICU admission (RR 1.91).
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