January 1, 2021Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency SurgeryOpen Access

The effect of rutin on experimentally induced acute heart contusion in rats. Biochemical and histopathological evaluation

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Why the study?

Trauma-induced acute cardiac contusion causes high mortality and morbidity, prompting the investigation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances such as rutin in non-surgical treatment.

Does rutin improve biochemical and histopathological markers in rats with experimentally induced acute heart contusion?

Structured PICO

Does rutin improve biochemical and histopathological markers in rats with experimentally induced acute heart contusion?

Population

30 male albino Wistar rats weighing 225-235 g and 6-7 months old

Intervention

Rutin 50 mg/kg administered orally by gavage once a day for 2 days, starting 30 minutes after experimentally induced acute heart contusion

Comparator

Contusion-induced group (CG) receiving no rutin

Outcome

Biochemical (TP I, CK-MB, MDA, TOS, TAS, NF-kB, tGSH) and histopathological evaluation of heart tissue at 48 hourssurrogate

Rutin administration significantly reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and myocardial damage in a rat model of acute cardiac contusion.

Limitations

Further studies are needed to determine whether the decrease in MDA and the increase in GSH depend on the dose of rutin

Implication

Hypothesis-generating for rutin in experimental cardiac contusion; leaves open any clinical role pending human studies.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acute cardiac contusion induced by trauma is known with its high mortality and morbidity. The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in its pathophysiology has led to the investigation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances in non-sur-gical treatment. In this study, the effects of rutin which has these two features on acute cardiac contusion were investigated. METHODS: Thirty male albino Wistar rats were divided into three equal groups as healthy (HG), contusion (CG), and rutin + con-tusion (rutin + CG). A heart contusion was created dropping 200 g weight from 1-m height onto anterior thorax of CG (n=10) and Rutin + CG (n=10) group animals by anesthetizing with intraperitoneal administration of 60 mg/kg ketamine and xylazine inhalation at appropriate intervals. Thirty minutes after contusion was applied, rutin at the dose of 50 mg/kg was administered orally to the stomach by gavage to the rutin + CG group animals. The rutin was used once a day for 2 days. Rats were killed at the end of 48 h. Heart tissues were removed and examined biochemically and histopathologically. Troponin I (TP I) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were measured in blood samples taken from the tail veins just before the rats were killed. RESULTS: TP I, CK-MB, malondialdehyde, total oxidant status, and nuclear factor-kappa B levels increased in the CG when compared to the HG, and Rutin application prevented this increase, total glutathione (eGSH) and total antioxidant status levels decreased, and rutin application prevented this decrease. Histopathological findings also supported these findings. CONCLUSION: Rutin had a protective effect on heart tissue.