Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the global population with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the concept has been raised that people with HIV are at risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of HIV infection. However, much remains to be understood about the relationship between COPD and HIV infection. We aimed to investigate this association by assessing studies that reported the prevalence of COPD in the global population with HIV. METHODS: test on Cochrane's Q statistic. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016052639. FINDINGS: =63·5%; 11 studies), even after adjustment for tobacco consumption (2·58, 1·05-6·35, 74·9%; four studies). INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest a high prevalence of COPD in the global population with HIV, and an association with HIV. As such, COPD deserves more attention from HIV health-care providers, researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders for improved detection, overall proper management, and efficient control of COPD in people with HIV. Efforts to address this burden should focus on promoting the decrease of tobacco consumption and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy to reduce viral load. FUNDING: None.