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August 16, 2026MedicineOpen Access

Spatial decoupling of plaque and circulating immune programs defines a robust gene signature in atherosclerosis

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Authors

RHRuiqiao HeWHWenlin HuangLHLiangqiao Hu

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Overview

Transcriptomic analysis reveals divergent local and systemic immune signatures in atherosclerosis, highlighting a 5-gene panel for tissue diagnosis and stroke risk.

Key Points

  • To investigate spatial immune heterogeneity between atherosclerotic plaques and peripheral blood, identifying shared and distinct gene signatures for diagnosis and risk stratification.
  • Integrated bulk gene expression profiles from atherosclerotic tissues and peripheral blood along with single-cell transcriptomic datasets across multiple vascular beds.
  • Applied weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning algorithms to discover and validate diagnostic gene signatures.
  • Identified marked transcriptional decoupling and divergent immune pathway enrichment between local plaque lesions and systemic circulation.
  • Discovered a 5-gene signature (upregulated XAF1, RNF213, OAS2, and OAS3; downregulated BEND5) that differentiated plaque from control tissue across vascular beds and retained moderate prognostic utility for ischemic stroke risk in peripheral blood.

Cite This Study

He et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a817a01f2fb91fc834ad7e5https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000050183
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Identification of immune-relevant candidate genes in atherosclerosis by WGCNA and single-cell analysis2025
  2. 2Identification of key genes for atherosclerosis in different arterial beds2024 · 8 citations
  3. 3Integrated Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Analysis Identifies Inflammation-Related Biomarkers and Immune Infiltration Patterns in Atherosclerosis2026
  4. 4Immunomodulatory roles of the HLA family and B2M in atherosclerosis2026
  5. 5Integrated investigation of DNA methylation, gene expression and immune cell population revealed immune cell infiltration associated with atherosclerotic plaque formation2022 · 10 citations