What question did this study set out to answer?

To determine whether classical non-indexical models of divine omniscience can sufficiently account for divine agency that is both libertarian and morally responsible.

August 16, 2026SophiaOpen Access

God and the View From Nowhere: De Se Knowledge and Divine Omniscience

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Authors

WGWandile GanyaUniversity of Cape Town

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Implication

Philosophical analysis shows that divine omniscience requires de se self-locating knowledge for moral agency, indicating standard non-indexical models fail under libertarianism.

Key Points

To determine whether classical non-indexical models of divine omniscience can sufficiently account for divine agency that is both libertarian and morally responsible.
Formulated the Self-Location Constraint (SLC) by applying theories of essential indexicality to divine action across possible worlds.
Evaluated competing theoretical responses, including cognitive reductionism, semantic stratification for divine simplicity, and modal necessitarianism.
Demonstrated that purely third-personal models of omniscience cannot resolve explanatory demands regarding volitional contrast, actualisation asymmetry, and contrastive responsibility.
Concluded that robust libertarian agency and moral responsibility in theism necessitate irreducibly first-personal (de se) self-locating knowledge.

Cite This Study

Wandile Ganya (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a817a21f2fb91fc834adc85 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-026-01169-y

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Implication

Philosophical analysis shows that divine omniscience requires de se self-locating knowledge for moral agency, indicating standard non-indexical models fail under libertarianism.

God and the View From Nowhere: De Se Knowledge and Divine Omniscience

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

God and the View From Nowhere: De Se Knowledge and Divine Omniscience

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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